Stove



J. S. & M. PECKHAM.

Cook Stov.

Patented Aug. 7, 1860.

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UNITED STATES PATEN T OFFICE.

JOHN S. PEGKHAM AND MERRITT PEGKHAM, OF UTIOA, NEW YORK.

STOVE.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 29,517, dated August 7, 1860.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOHN S. PEOKHAM and MERRITT PEGKHAM, of the city ofUtica, in the county of Oneida and State of New York, have jointlyinvented a new and useful Improvement in Coal-Stoves and Wood- Stoveshaving Grates for the Burning of \Vood Therein.

The nature of our invention and improvement consists in adding to coalstoves and to wood stoves having a grate for the burning of woodtherein, aflat iron heater formed of the guard plate or fire plate and aholder; the making of the said guard or fire plate in two parts; andperforating the doors which inclose or cover such guard or fire plate;and attaching a swinging cover to the bottom or under side of the grateor fire box; by means of which last attachment such fire box may clear,and exact description of the construction and operation of the same,reference being had to the annexed drawings making part of thisspecification.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a coal cooking stove with the flatiron heater in front, with the flat irons represented in place in theholder. Fig. 2 is a sectional view of such stove, through its center,from front to rear, and showing the flat iron heater, including theguard plate and the manner of uniting the parts thereof, and showing itsribbed inner surface and the holder, with a flat iron thereon and theunder cover of the grate in position when in use, and when out of use.Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the grate and under cover in positionwhen in use or out of use and the flat iron heater. Fig. 4: is an insideview of one half of the guard or fire plate, showing its ribbed innersurface and the flanges by which the center piece is kept in place. Fig.5 is a perspective view of the under side of the holder showing theshoulders and stops by means of which it is held in place, and Fig. 6 isa perspective view of the under grate cover, with the hinges by which itis attached to the grate frame.

In the figures A represents the stove; A a part of the front plate ofthe stove to which the front doors are attached and which serves to holdthe holderin place.

B represents the guard plate or fire plate or heater; B is the centerpiece; B is the flange or shoulder on the upper side of B air tight infront.

and B the flange on the lower side of B Figs. 2 and 4, for holding B inconnection with the buttons B B in its place; and B the ribs on'theinner side of B and B C is the holder; C C are the shoulders orprojections at the ends of the holder, for holding it in place, theyresting between the front plate A and the guard plate B, as seen in Fig.3; and C 0 Fig. 5, are two stops on the under side of the holder, formaintaining it in its horizontal position; D is the fire grate; E is thefire grate frame.

F is the under cover of the fire grate, Figs. 2, 8 and 6; F representsthe cover close up against the grate, making the grate an air tight box;and F represents the cover swinging down on its hinges when not in use;F Fig. 6 represents the cover and its hinges.

G is a catch or button attached to the grate frame or front of the gratefor holding up the cover F in place, when in use and H H H are theperforations in the doors of the stove covering the fire plate orheater.

Our improvement may be adapted to any of the common forms of stoves usedwith a grate and perhaps to any new form of such stoves.

Stoves of the description mentioned, are now usually made with a smallopening in front at the top of the guard or fire plate;

which space is closed by a pair of short doors; and the only means nowused of checking the fire is by throwing open such small doors andsuifering the cold air to rush into the stove on the top of the fire;which process, if continued for a length of time will extinguish a coalfire. In case of a wood fire, it will, in most stoves check the fire, itis true, but in both cases, with wood as well as coal, the heat of thestove is not retained and economized, but passes rapidly off with therushof cold air through the stove.

We make our guard plate or fire plate to cover the entire front of thegrate, as seen in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, so as to make the stove But as thisform causes the plate to heat very much and consequently to expandgreatly, and hence causes the plate to break; and also, as it is notuncommon for such plate, however made, whether to cover the entire frontof the grate, or with an opening at the top, to become greatly heated inthe center and to burn out, we make our fire plate in two parts; thatis, we make an elliptical opening in the center, of about two thirds thesize of the whole plate, as seen in Figs. 2, 3 and 4, into which we fita plate of corresponding form, as seen in Figs. 2 3 and 4. Such ovalplate has a flange on its under and inner side, and there is acorresponding one on the inner, upper side of the outside part of theguard plate (B B, Figs. 2 and t) by means of which such ellipticalcenter plate is kept in its place with the aid of the buttons B B asseen in Figs. 2 and 3. Both parts of said guard plate (B and B arecorrespondingly ribbed on their inner surface (B B) to protect themagainst the fire, in the usual way. By this arrangement of the guardplate, however great the heat of the center part may be, the other partis never overheated so as to injuriously burn the iron; and when thecenter part does burn out or breaks it can be taken out and another putin its place with far less labor and in much less time and at less costthan if the plate was all in one piece. As the guard plate, when thedoors are closed upon it, becomes very hot, which heat extends to suchdoors and burns or discolors them, we perforate our doors with fromeight to twelve small holes, as seen in Fig. l, (H, H, H,) by means ofwhich the overheated air between the guard plate and the doors escapesand cold air passes in and reduces the temperature of the guard plate,and of course of the doors.

Attached to the grate frame at the back side and on its under side, isthe under cover of the grate, hung on hinges, or in any other propermanner. This cover is a plain plate of iron of nearly the dimensions ofthe grate frame, Fig. 6. WVhen the fire is first made, or a great heatis needed, the cover is allowed to swing down, as seen in Figs. 2 and 3,in which case it has no effect upon the fire. \Vhen however the fire isbecoming too hot or it is desired to stop its burning, or it is desiredto maintain an equable temperature for a time as in ironing, baking orthe like, the lower grate cover F is turned up on its hinges and closeupon the grate frame and there held fast by the button or catch G, asseen in Figs. 2 and 3. This lower cover, together with the close guardplate thus form the grate into an air tight fire box; and

hence, when the fire is at the proper heat its further burning ischecked and a uniform temperature maintained for a great length of time;an end highly desirable in stoves where grates are used, but which hasnot hitherto been attained. In this mode it is efiected easily, readilyand economically.

The front of the guard plate and the holder B form the fiat iron heateras seen in Figs. 1, 2 and 8. The guard plate has been described. Forheating flat irons however it need not be in two parts; nor need itclose up the front of the grate; but it may be in any other of thecommon forms. The fiat iron holder is a flat plate of iron of the lengthof the width of the opening of the upper doors and from about four tosix inches in width. It has a shoulder or projection at each end (C C bymeans of which it is held in its place. To put it in its place it isheld up diagonally in front of the guard plate and one arm is firstpassed into the space between the front plate of the stove and the guardplate and then the other end is put in, when it is brought down to thetop of the lower part of the stove; and it is there held in a horizontalposition by such arms resting between the fire plate and the stove andalso by the stops C C on its underside. Instead of the holder being madeto be removed from the stove when not in use, it may rest therepermanently; it being turned up against the guard plate. Or instead of aseparate plate of iron for a holder, the upper door may be made to swingdownward, instead of sidewise, and be held in a horizontal position bystops or otherwise, and become the holder.

The objects and advantages gained by our improvement and invention are:We supply to this class of stoves, what is much needed, a means ofheating fiatirons when the stove is used in cooking or washing; and wemake an air tight coal stove, or air tight wood stove where a grate isused; of great importance at all times, for the regulation andeconomizing heat, but particularly in warm weather, and when ironing orperforming any other service which requires a constant and equabletemperature; while we make a guard plate which when burned out, may berestored with but little labor and little cost; and our perforated doorsprevent the overheating of such plate or of the doors themselves.

What we claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is,

1. The guard plate B; the holder O; and the under grate cover Fconstructed and operating substantially as described, in combination.

2. The said guard plate B, holder C; perforated doors H and under gratecover F constructed and operating substantially as described, incombination.

WVitnesses:

DEXTER GILLMORE, WM. P. CARPENTER.

